Habitation and recreation

On many European seas, coastal areas are an important area for human habitation, industry and recreation, inevitably resulting in conflicts over water (for bathing, surfing, scuba diving and shell fishery) and land use.

Secondary effects on the quality of marine environments often follow. The lack of effective coastal-zone management can cause the loss of important components of the ecosystem and habitats, such as dunes and wetlands. Usually, the construction of new ports and tourist facilities results in habitat loss.